Create LABEL for filesystems in Linux

LABEL is used in /etc/fstab and system boot, such as cmdline.txt and grub, to allow the mounting identify the filesystem..

In order to allow system recognize the LABEL, blkid needs to show the filesystem has the LABEL.

Assign LABEL during filesystem creation

vfat

mkfs.vfat -n "label" /dev/XXX

ext4

mkfs.ext4 -L "label" /dev/XXX

btrfs

mkfs.btrfs -L "label" /dev/XXX

Change LABEL

LABEL can be changed after filesystem created.

swap

swaplabel -L "new label" /dev/XXX using util-linux

ext2/3/4

e2label /dev/XXX "new label" using e2fsprogs

btrfs

btrfs filesystem label /dev/XXX "new label" using btrfs-progs

reiserfs

reiserfstune -l "new label" /dev/XXX using reiserfsprogs

jfs

jfs_tune -L "new label" /dev/XXX using jfsutils

xfs

xfs_admin -L "new label" /dev/XXX using xfsprogs

fat/vfat

fatlabel /dev/XXX "new label" using dosfstools
mlabel -i /dev/XXX ::"new label" using mtools

exfat

tune.exfat -L "new label" /dev/XXX using exfatprogs
exfatlabel /dev/XXX "new label" using exfatprogs or exfat-utils

ntfs

ntfslabel /dev/XXX "new label" using ntfs-3g

udf

udflabel /dev/XXX "new label" using udftools

crypto_LUKS (LUKS2 only)

cryptsetup config --label="new label" /dev/XXX using cryptsetup

References

Persistent block device naming
How do I change the "label" reported by lsblk? [duplicate]