MySQL Cheat Sheet

MySQL Cheat Sheet provides you with one-page that contains the most commonly used MySQL commands and statements that help you work with MySQL more effectively.

MySQL command-line client Commands

Connect to MySQL server using mysql command-line client with a username and password (MySQL will prompt for a password):

mysql -u [username] -p;

Connect to MySQL Server with a specified database using a username and password:

mysql -u [username] -p [database];

Exit mysql command-line client:

exit;

Export data using mysqldump tool

mysqldump -u [username] -p [database] > data_backup.sql;

To clear MySQL screen console window on Linux, you use the following command:

mysql> system clear;

Currently, there is no command available on Windows OS for clearing MySQL screen console window.

Working with databases

Create a database with a specified name if it does not exist in the database server

CREATE DATABASE [IF NOT EXISTS] database_name;

Use a database or change the current database to another database that you are working with:

USE database_name;

Drop a database with a specified name permanently. All physical files associated with the database will be deleted.

DROP DATABASE [IF EXISTS] database_name;

Show all available databases in the current MySQL database server

SHOW DATABASE;

Working with tables

Show all tables in a current database.

SHOW TABLES;

Create a new table

CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name(
  column_list
);

Add a new column into a table:

ALTER TABLE table 
ADD [COLUMN] column_name;

Drop a column from a table:

ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP [COLUMN] column_name;

Add index with a specific name to a table on a column:

ALTER TABLE table 
ADD INDEX [name](column, ...);

Add primary key into a table:

ALTER TABLE table_name 
ADD PRIMARY KEY (column_name,...);

Remove the primary key of a table:

ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP PRIMARY KEY;

Drop a table:

DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] table_name;

Show the columns of a table:

DESCRIBE table_name;

Show the information of a column in a table:

DESCRIBE table_name column_name;

Working with indexes

Creating an index with the specified name on a table:

CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column,...);

Drop an index:

DROP INDEX index_name;

Create a unique index:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name 
ON table_name (column,...);

Working with views

Create a new view:

CREATE VIEW [IF NOT EXISTS] view_name 
AS 
  select_statement;

Create a new view with the WITH CHECK OPTION:

CREATE VIEW [IF NOT EXISTS] view_name 
AS select_statement
WITH CHECK OPTION;

Create or replace a view:

CREATE OR REPLACE view_name 
AS 
select_statement;

Drop a view:

DROP VIEW [IF EXISTS] view_name;

Drop multiple views:

DROP VIEW [IF EXISTS] view1, view2, ...;

Rename a view:

RENAME TABLE view_name
TO new_view_name;

Show views from a database:

SHOW FULL TABLES
[{FROM | IN } database_name]
WHERE table_type = 'VIEW';

Working with triggers

Create a new trigger:

CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
{BEFORE | AFTER} {INSERT | UPDATE| DELETE }
ON table_name FOR EACH ROW
trigger_body;

Drop a trigger:

DROP TRIGGER [IF EXISTS] trigger_name;

Show triggers in a database:

SHOW TRIGGERS
[{FROM | IN} database_name]
[LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE search_condition];

Working with stored procedures

Create a stored procedure:

DELIMITER $$

CREATE PROCEDURE procedure_name(parameter_list)
BEGIN
   body;
END $$

DELIMITER ;

Drop a stored procedure:

DROP PROCEDURE [IF EXISTS] procedure_name;

Show stored procedures:

SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS 
[LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE search_condition];

Working with stored functions

Create a new stored function:

DELIMITER $$

CREATE FUNCTION function_name(parameter_list)
RETURNS datatype
[NOT] DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
 -- statements
END $$

DELIMITER ;

Drop a stored function:

DROP FUNCTION [IF EXISTS] function_name;

Show stored functions:

SHOW FUNCTION STATUS 
[LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE search_condition];

Querying data from tables

Query all data from a table:

SELECT * FROM table_name;

Query data from one or more column of a table:

SELECT 
    column1, column2, ...
FROM 
    table_name;

Remove duplicate rows from the result of a query:

SELECT 
    DISTINCT (column)
FROM 
   table_name;

Query data with a filter using a <a href="https://www.mysqltutorial.org/mysql-where/">WHERE</a> clause:

SELECT select_list
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Change the output of the column name using column alias:

SELECT 
    column1 AS alias_name,
    expression AS alias,
    ...
FROM 
    table_name;

Query data from multiple tables using inner join:

SELECT select_list
FROM table1
INNER JOIN table2 ON condition;

Query data from multiple tables using left join:

SELECT select_list
FROM table1 
LEFT JOIN table2 ON condition;

Query data from multiple tables using right join:

SELECT select_list 
FROM table1 
RIGHT JOIN table2 ON condition;

Make a Cartesian product of rows:

SELECT select_list
FROM table1
CROSS JOIN table2;

Counting rows in a table.

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM table_name;

Sorting a result set:

SELECT 
    select_list
FROM 
    table_name
ORDER BY 
    column1 ASC [DESC], 
    column2 ASC [DESC];

Group rows using the GROUP BY clause.

SELECT select_list
FROM table_name
GROUP BY column_1, column_2, ...;

Filter group using the <a href="https://www.mysqltutorial.org/mysql-having.aspx">HAVING</a> clause:

SELECT select_list
FROM table_name
GROUP BY column1
HAVING condition;

Modifying data in tables

Insert a new row into a table:

INSERT INTO table_name(column_list)
VALUES(value_list);

Insert multiple rows into a table:

INSERT INTO table_name(column_list)
VALUES(value_list1),
      (value_list2),
      (value_list3),
      ...;

Update all rows in a table:

UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1,
    ...;

Update data for a set of rows specified by a condition in WHERE clause.

UPDATE table_name
SET column_1 = value_1,
    ...
WHERE condition

Update with join

UPDATE 
    table1, 
    table2
INNER JOIN table1 ON table1.column1 = table2.column2
SET column1 = value1,
WHERE condition;

Delete all rows in a table

DELETE FROM table_name;

Delete rows specified by a condition:

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Delete with join

DELETE table1, table2
FROM table1
INNER JOIN table2
    ON table1.column1 = table2.column2
WHERE condition;

Searching

Search for data using the <a href="https://www.mysqltutorial.org/mysql-like/">LIKE</a> operator:

SELECT select_list
FROM table_name
WHERE column LIKE '%pattern%';

Text search using a regular expression with RLIKE operator.

SELECT select_list
FROM table_name
WHERE column RLIKE 'regular_expression';