Configure Email in TrueNAS
The configuration page is accessable from Alerts icon (top right corner), then click on Email icon.
Exporting swap space on TrueNAS
Exporting swap space on TrueNAS
There are quite number of swap partitions on TrueNAS. In short, swap are mirror partitions on /dev/sdX1, which is 2GB for each mirror, data partitions are on /dev/sdX2.
As the top information, it has not been used, so just leave it until performance impacted.
Total Space
Following screen shows 4GB swap space in top command
top - 16:31:05 up 5:26, 4 users, load average: 11.79, 11.36, 10.90
Tasks: 540 total, 1 running, 538 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.8 us, 9.4 sy, 0.0 ni, 46.1 id, 43.1 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.5 si, 0.0 st
MiB Mem : 32052.4 total, 13522.1 free, 17935.6 used, 594.7 buff/cache
MiB Swap: 4096.0 total, 4096.0 free, 0.0 used. 13739.1 avail MemDevices
There are two partitions as swap
truenas# swapon
NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/dm-0 partition 2G 0B -2
/dev/dm-1 partition 2G 0B -3
truenas#Partitions
DM info, shows /dev/dm-0 and /dev/dm-1 map to md127 and md126.
truenas# dmsetup ls
md127 (253:0)
md126 (253:1)
truenas# dmsetup info /dev/dm-0
Name: md127
State: ACTIVE
Read Ahead: 256
Tables present: LIVE
Open count: 2
Event number: 0
Major, minor: 253, 0
Number of targets: 1
UUID: CRYPT-PLAIN-md127
truenas# dmsetup info /dev/dm-1
Name: md126
State: ACTIVE
Read Ahead: 256
Tables present: LIVE
Open count: 2
Event number: 0
Major, minor: 253, 1
Number of targets: 1
UUID: CRYPT-PLAIN-md126
truenas#MD info
Total 4 partitions involve, mirror into 2 raid1 devices.
Reported by proc
truenas# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md126 : active raid1 sde1[1] sdd1[0]
2097152 blocks super non-persistent [2/2] [UU]
md127 : active raid1 sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
2097152 blocks super non-persistent [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
truenas#Reported by mdadm
truenas# mdadm --detail /dev/md127
/dev/md127:
Version :
Creation Time : Wed Oct 6 11:08:56 2021
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 2097152 (2.00 GiB 2.15 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2097152 (2.00 GiB 2.15 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : resync
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1
1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1
truenas# mdadm --detail /dev/md126
/dev/md126:
Version :
Creation Time : Wed Oct 6 11:08:57 2021
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 2097152 (2.00 GiB 2.15 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2097152 (2.00 GiB 2.15 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : resync
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 49 0 active sync /dev/sdd1
1 8 65 1 active sync /dev/sde1
truenas#Block device info
Structure of partitions
truenas# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 1.4T 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 2G 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 1.4T 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 7.3T 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part
│ └─md127 9:127 0 2G 0 raid1
│ └─md127 253:0 0 2G 0 crypt [SWAP]
└─sdb2 8:18 0 7.3T 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 298.1G 0 disk
├─sdc1 8:33 0 2G 0 part
│ └─md127 9:127 0 2G 0 raid1
│ └─md127 253:0 0 2G 0 crypt [SWAP]
└─sdc2 8:34 0 296.1G 0 part
sdd 8:48 0 232.9G 0 disk
├─sdd1 8:49 0 2G 0 part
│ └─md126 9:126 0 2G 0 raid1
│ └─md126 253:1 0 2G 0 crypt [SWAP]
└─sdd2 8:50 0 230.9G 0 part
sde 8:64 0 298.1G 0 disk
├─sde1 8:65 0 2G 0 part
│ └─md126 9:126 0 2G 0 raid1
│ └─md126 253:1 0 2G 0 crypt [SWAP]
└─sde2 8:66 0 296.1G 0 part
sdf 8:80 1 14.9G 0 disk
├─sdf1 8:81 1 1M 0 part
├─sdf2 8:82 1 512M 0 part
└─sdf3 8:83 1 14.4G 0 part
zd0 230:0 0 20G 0 disk
truenas# zpool structure
List all zpool
truenas# zpool list
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT
boot-pool 14G 3.70G 10.3G - - 2% 26% 1.00x ONLINE -
pool0 296G 9.13G 287G - - 1% 3% 1.00x ONLINE /mnt
pool1 1.36T 383G 1009G - - 16% 27% 1.09x ONLINE /mnt
pool2 7.27T 1.12T 6.14T - - 2% 15% 1.10x ONLINE /mnt
pool3 230G 2.63G 227G - - 0% 1% 1.00x ONLINE /mnt
truenas#For individual pool, can use following command find out partition info
truenas# zpool status pool0 -v
pool: pool0
state: ONLINE
status: Some supported and requested features are not enabled on the pool.
The pool can still be used, but some features are unavailable.
action: Enable all features using 'zpool upgrade'. Once this is done,
the pool may no longer be accessible by software that does not support
the features. See zpool-features(7) for details.
scan: resilvered 600K in 00:00:03 with 0 errors on Mon Oct 4 04:49:30 2021
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
pool0 ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
bf410fcf-2209-11ec-b8aa-001132dbfc9c ONLINE 0 0 0
bfcc498a-2209-11ec-b8aa-001132dbfc9c ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
truenas#find partition by id
zpool list doesn't have partition name, only got partition id, use following command to find out mapping partition id.
truenas# ls -l /dev/disk/by-partuuid
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 0e8d0027-65cc-4fa5-bb68-7d91668ca1f4 -> ../../sdf1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 41ba87d7-2137-11ec-9c17-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 41cbb8fa-2137-11ec-9c17-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sdb2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 5626c0ae-2137-11ec-9c17-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sdd1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 563bbde1-2137-11ec-9c17-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sdd2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 672278c8-92bc-4e99-8158-25e53eb085c9 -> ../../sdf2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 757ce69e-207a-11ec-afcf-005056a390b2 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 75827da1-207a-11ec-afcf-005056a390b2 -> ../../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 bf3063db-2209-11ec-b8aa-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 bf410fcf-2209-11ec-b8aa-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sdc2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 bfb5835e-2209-11ec-b8aa-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sde1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 bfcc498a-2209-11ec-b8aa-001132dbfc9c -> ../../sde2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 6 11:05 e384f2ee-96dd-4b1b-ac68-8fe14ea92797 -> ../../sdf3
truenas#Find hardware info in Linux
Find hardware info in Linux
motherboard info:
Basic info
sudo dmidecode -t 2
lshwDetail info
sudo dmidecode | lessPCI info
lspciUSB info
lsusbproc
cat /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/board_{vendor,name,version}dmesg
dmesg | grep DMI:GUI
hardinfo
cpu-g
lshw-gtk
PerlMonReuse ASUS P9X79 DELUXE motherboard
Reuse ASUS P9X79 DELUXE motherboard
CPU
ASUS Info
Following CPUs are supported
Core i7-3820 (3.6G,L3:10M,4C,HT,rev.M0)
Core i7-3820 (3.6G,L3:10M,4C,HT,rev.M1)
Core i7-3930K (3.2G,L3:12M,6C,HT,rev.C1)
Core i7-3930K (3.2G,L3:12M,6C,HT,rev.C2)
Core i7-3960X Extreme Edition(3.3G,L3:15M,6C,HT,rev.C1)
Core i7-3960X Extreme Edition(3.3G,L3:15M,6C,HT,rev.C2)
Core i7-3970X Extreme Edition(3.5G,L3:15M,6C,HT,150W,rev.C2)
Core i7-4820K (3.7GHz, L3:10M, 4C, HT, 130W, rev.S1)
Core i7-4930K (3.4GHz, L3:12M, 6C, HT, 130W, rev.S1)
Core i7-4960X (3.6G, L3:15M, 6C, HT, 130W, rev.S1)
Following CPUs are partially supported as description below
Intel Xeon Processor Family is designed for servers. Some features may not support when installed on X79 series chipsets. For more details, refer to ASUS support site at http://support.asus.com.
Intel Xeon E5-1620 v2 (3.7G,130W,L3:10M,4C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-1650 v2 (3.5G,130W,L3:12M,6C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-1660 v2 (3.7G,130W,L3:15M,6C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2603 v2 (1.8G,80W,L3:10M,4C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2609 v2 (2.5G,80W,L3:10M,4C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2620 v2 (2.1G,80W,L3:15M,6C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2630 v2 (2.6G,80W,L3:15M,6C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2630L v2 (2.4G,60W,L3:15M,6C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2637 v2 (3.5G,130W,L3:15M,4C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2640 v2 (2.0G,95W,L3:20M,8C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2643 v2 (3.5G,130W,L3:25M,6C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2650 v2 (2.6G,95W,L3:20M,8C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2650L v2 (1.7G,70W,L3:25M,10C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2660 v2 (2.2G,95W,L3:25M,10C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2667 v2 (3.3G,130W,L3:25M,8C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2 (2.5G,115W,L3:25M,10C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2680 v2 (2.8G,115W,L3:25M,10C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2687W v2 (3.4G,150W,L3:20M,8C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2690 v2 (3.0G,130W,L3:25M,10C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2695 v2 (2.4G,115W,L3:30M,12C,HT)
Intel Xeon E5-2697 v2 (2.7G,130W,L3:30M,12C,HT)
Intel Info
Compatibility for FCLGA2011, FCLGA2011-v3, and FCLGA2066 Sockets (Intel® Core™ X-series Processors)
FCLGA2011 socket compatibility
These processors are compatible with the FCLGA2011 socket. They are backward and forward compatible with the motherboard supporting FCLGA2011 socket. We recommend you always download the latest BIOS from the motherboard vendor when installing a new processor. For any issues, please check with your board manufacturer to see if your board is compatible with the processor you intend to use.
Intel® Core™ i7-4960X Processor Extreme Edition
Intel® Core™ i7-4930K / i7-4820K Processors
Intel® Core™ i7-3960X / i7-3970X Processor Extreme Edition
Intel® Core™ i7-3930K / i7-3820 ProcessorsMemory
CORSAIR Vengeance 32GB (4 x 8GB) 240-Pin DDR3 SDRAM DDR3 1600 (PC3 12800) Desktop Memory Model CMZ32GX3M4X1600C10
Final result
CPU Info
Memory
References
Automator in MacOS Basic
Automator in MacOS Basic
To automate tasks in MacOS, Automator can be used. For example, convert selected images to JPG format, the steps as below
Create new task
Run Automator
Select Quick Action
Select action
Find out action Change Type of Images
Set actions' options
Select Show this action when workflow runs
Save
Run in Finder
In Finder, select images, then select Services menu can be found after clicked following icon, then follow steps.
Rename Action
Right click on Action name in Automator, select Services, then rename the action.
Delete Action
Right click on Action name in Automator, select Services, then delete the action.
Screen Capture
iMac 27″ Video Card Repair Using Heat Gun
iMac 27" Video Card Repair Using Heat Gun
Refering to some YouTube video, I tried to repair my iMac 27" (Mid 2011) Video Card, because my iMac could not boot and only apple logo appears. Steps as below
Hardware Info
| Information | |
|---|---|
| Identifier | iMac12,2 |
| Model | A1312 (EMC 2429) |
| Family | iMac (27-inch, Mid 2011) |
| CPU | 3.4 GHz Intel Core i7 |
| Graphic | AMD Radeon HD 6970M 2048 MB |
Steps
Take out glass panel
Use sucker to take it out.
Take out screen
Got 8 screws.
Take out power supply
Take out CDROM Drive
Take out fan
Take out main board
Just for info
Take out main board back cable
Take out video card
Damages
The video card to LCD screen cable damaged, bought new one, waiting for delivery.
Working now
Oct 13, After purchased cable, replace it, works immeditially, then continue OS reinstallation.
Future use
Due to this machine is too hot, I think better only use it in aircon room, and no background service should be executed.
References
My iMac is different model as below, but similar.
A1312 iMac GPU Replacement
Late 2009 iMac 27" Video Card Repair — 4850 — 2nd Bake
Rsync Basic
Rsync Basic
rsync a directory to a new directory with different name
A trailing slash on the source avoids creating an additional directory level at the destination.
rsync -a src/ destYou can think of a trailing / on a source as meaning "copy the contents of this directory" as opposed to "copy the directory by name".
Show progress
rsync -a -P src dest
rsync -a --progress src destWhat do ants like to eat?
What do ants like to eat?
Lots of ants try to find food at my home, what do they like to eat? They don't like to eat raw food, such as banana, uncooked rice, etc. but they like to eat cooked food. They don't like milk pouder, but they like milk.
So what do ants eat in nature?
Save user profile into Onedrive
Save user profile into Onedrive
User home directory can be integrated to Microsoft Onedrive.
Pros
After convert user home directory to Onedrive, all Windows machines can share the same profile.
Cons
Some old software still looking for old home directory in System drive, such as Baidu Cloud.
Location of core files in Linux
Location of core files in Linux
Some core files are in the executable file running directory, some core files are in system directory, depending on the system configuration.
Filename
By default, the core file name is core only, different OSs change it's name.
Software
Abrt
Abrt stores core files in /var/cache/abrt.
Apport
Apport stores core files in /var/crash.
Systemd
Systemd updated /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern as below.
$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
|/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-coredump %p %u %g %s %t %eOS
TrueNAS Scale
The core files in Linux can be found in /var/db/system/cores/, they can be removed if no debugging required.
Fedora
Fedora store core files in /var/spool/abrt/ instead
Archlinux
Archlinux stores core files in /var/lib/systemd/coredump/